Hillsborough Inquests: The questions the jury had to consider
Here are the 14 questions the jury in the Hillsborough inquest have considered.
Here are the 14 questions the jury in the Hillsborough inquest have considered. There have been additional, extensive considerations and legal guidance available to guide the jurors who have been able to amend the statements and give explanation.
Question 1: Basic facts of the disaster.
Do you agree with the following statement which is intended to summarise the basic facts of the disaster.
On 15 April 1989, 96 people died as a result of the disaster at Hillsborough Stadium as a result of crushing in the central pens of the Leppings Lane terrace, following the admission of a large number of supporters to the stadium through exit gates.''
Answer yes'' or
no''.
Question 2: Police planning for the semi-final match.
Was there probably any error or omission in police planning and preparation for the semi-final match on 15 April 1989 which probably caused or contributed to the dangerous situation that developed on the day of the match?
Answer yes'' or
no''.
If your answer to the question above is no'', please answer the following question.
Was there probably any error or omission in police planning and preparation for the semi-final match on 15 April 1989 which may have caused or contributed to the dangerous situation that developed on the day of the match?
Answer yes'' or
no''.
Question 3: Policing of the match and the situation at the turnstiles.
Was there probably any error or omission in policing on the day of the match which probably caused or contributed to a dangerous situation developing at the Leppings Lane turnstiles? Answer yes'' or
no''.
If your answer to the question above is no'', please answer the following question.
Was there probably any error or omission in policing on the day of the match which may have caused or contributed to a dangerous situation developing at the Leppings Lane turnstiles? Answer yes'' or
no''.
Question 4: Policing of the match and the crush on the terrace.
Was there probably any error or omission by commanding officers which probably caused or contributed to the crush on the terrace? Answer yes'' or
no''.
If your answer to the question above is no'', please answer the following question.
Was there probably any error or omission by commanding officers which may have caused or contributed to the crush on the terrace? Answer yes'' or
no''.
Question 5: The opening of the gates.
When the order was given to open the exit gates at the Leppings Lane end of the stadium, was there probably any error or omission by the commanding officers in the control box which probably caused or contributed to the crush on the terrace? Answer yes'' or
no''.
If your answer to the question above is no'', please answer the following question.
When the order was given to open the exit gates at the Leppings Lane end of the stadium, was there probably any error or omission by the commanding officers in the control box which may have caused or contributed to the crush on the terrace? Answer yes'' or
no''.
Question 6: Determination on unlawful killing issue.
Are you satisfied, so that you are sure, that those who died in the disaster were unlawfully killed? Answer yes'' or
no''.
Question 7: Behaviour of the supporters.
Was there probably any behaviour on the part of football supporters which probably caused or contributed to the dangerous situation at the Leppings Lane turnstiles? Answer yes'' or
no''.
If your answer to the question above is no'', please answer the following question.
Was there probably any behaviour on the part of football supporters which may have caused or contributed to the dangerous situation at the Leppings Lane turnstiles? Answer yes'' or
no''.
If your answer to either of the questions above is yes'', please answer the following question.
Was that behaviour unusual or unforeseeable? Answer yes'' or
no''.
Question 8: Defects in Hillsborough Stadium.
Were there probably any features of the design, construction and layout of the stadium which you consider were probably dangerous or defective and which caused or contributed to the disaster? Answer yes'' or
no''.
If your answer to the question above is no'', please answer the following question.
Were there probably any features of the design, construction and layout of the stadium which you consider were dangerous or defective and which may have caused or contributed to the disaster? Answer yes'' or
no''.
Question 9: Licensing and oversight of Hillsborough Stadium.
Was there probably any error or omission in the safety certification and oversight of Hillsborough Stadium that probably caused or contributed to the disaster? Answer yes'' or
no''.
If your answer to the question above is no'', please answer the following question.
Was there probably any error or omission in the safety certification and oversight of Hillsborough Stadium that may have caused or contributed to the disaster? Answer yes'' or
no''.
Question 10: Conduct of Sheffield Wednesday FC before the day of the match.
Was there probably any error or omission by Sheffield Wednesday FC (and its staff) in the management of the stadium and/or preparation for the semi-final match on 15 April 1989 which probably caused or contributed to the dangerous situation that developed on the day of the match? Answer yes'' or
no''.
If your answer to the question above is no'', please answer the following question.
Was there probably any error or omission by Sheffield Wednesday FC (and its staff) in the management of the stadium and/or preparation for the semi-final match on 15 April 1989 which may have caused or contributed to the dangerous situation that developed on the day of the match? Answer yes'' or
no''.
Question 11: Conduct of Sheffield Wednesday FC on the day of the match.
Was there probably any error or omission by Sheffield Wednesday FC (and its staff) on 15 April 1989 which probably caused or contributed to the dangerous situation that developed at the Leppings Lane turnstiles and in the west terrace? Answer yes'' or
no''.
If your answer to the question above is no'', please answer the following question.
Was there probably any error or omission by Sheffield Wednesday FC (and its staff) on 15 April 1989 which may have caused or contributed to the dangerous situation that developed at the Leppings Lane turnstiles and in the west terrace? Answer yes'' or
no''.
Question 12: Conduct of Eastwood and Partners.
Should Eastwood and Partners have done more to detect and advise on any unsafe or unsatisfactory features of Hillsborough Stadium which probably caused or contributed to the disaster? Answer yes'' or
no''.
If your answer to the question above is no'', please answer the following question.
Should Eastwood and Partners probably have done more to detect and advise on any unsafe or unsatisfactory features of Hillsborough Stadium which may have caused or contributed to the disaster? Answer yes' or ''no
.
Question 13: Emergency response and the role of the South Yorkshire Police.
After the crush In the west terrace had begun to develop, was there probably any error or omission by the police which probably caused or contributed to the loss of lives in the disaster? Answer yes'' or
no''.
If your answer to the question above is no'', please answer the following question.
After the crush in the west terrace had begun to develop, was there probably any error or omission by the police which may have caused or contributed to the loss of lives in the disaster? Answer yes'' or
no''.
Question 14: Emergency response and the role of the South Yorkshire Metropolitan Ambulance Service (Symas).
After the crush in the west terrace had begun to develop, was there probably any error or omission by the ambulance service (Symas) which probably caused or contributed to the loss of lives in the disaster? Answer yes'' or
no''.
If your answer to the question above is no'', please answer the following question.
After the crush in the west terrace had begun to develop, was there probably any error or omission by the ambulance service (Symas) which may have caused or contributed to the loss of lives in the disaster? Answer yes'' or
no''.
Jurors will also be asked to complete individual questionnaires for each of the 96 people who died. They will be asked:
Q1. Medical cause of death. What was the medical cause of the person's death?
In answering this question, you should take account of the expert evidence of the pathologists as to the cause of death of this person, including any contributory cause. Although it is a matter for you, you make take that to be the cause of death (e.g. compression asphyxia'', in some cases with a contributory cause).
Q2. Time of death. Please state the time of death for the person. This should be stated as a bracket between (i) the last point in time when it can be established that the person was probably alive and (ii) the point in time by which it can be established that the person had probably died.
In answering this question, please note:
- Your answer must be based on the evidence you have heard. You should avoid speculation or guesswork.
- You should take account of the expert evidence. You may, if you consider it appropriate, adopt the
broad bracket'' given by the pathologists for time of death.
- In appropriate cases, you may adjust the times given by the pathologists in their
broad bracket''. Directions will be given about the cases in which you may do this.